«خلايا ذكية» تساعد على إنقاذ النحل في تونس

النحال الياس شابي يستخدم خلايا ذكية تستخدم مستشعرات لجمع معلومات عن درجة الحرارة والرطوبة والوزن وكثافة الملقحات (ا.ف.ب)
النحال الياس شابي يستخدم خلايا ذكية تستخدم مستشعرات لجمع معلومات عن درجة الحرارة والرطوبة والوزن وكثافة الملقحات (ا.ف.ب)
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«خلايا ذكية» تساعد على إنقاذ النحل في تونس

النحال الياس شابي يستخدم خلايا ذكية تستخدم مستشعرات لجمع معلومات عن درجة الحرارة والرطوبة والوزن وكثافة الملقحات (ا.ف.ب)
النحال الياس شابي يستخدم خلايا ذكية تستخدم مستشعرات لجمع معلومات عن درجة الحرارة والرطوبة والوزن وكثافة الملقحات (ا.ف.ب)

- يتنقل إلياس لتفقد «خلايا النحل الذكية»، قرب قريته في شمال تونس، بعد تلقيه إنذاراً على هاتفه الجوّال من تطبيق إلكتروني مطوَّر بالكامل في تونس ورائد في شمال أفريقيا، يساعد على تفادي النفوق الزائد للنحل، وتحسين إنتاج العسل.
عند هضبة في أرضه العائلية في منطقة تستور شمال غربي تونس العاصمة، يقول مربي النحل إلياس الشابي (39 عاماً) خلال فتحه منافذ الخلية وتثبيته جهازاً أبيض صغيراً مع مجسات ومستشعرات، إن هذه التقنية تمنحه «راحة البال»، وتبقيه «على علم عن بُعد بما يحصل» لنحو مائة خلية نحل يملكها في المنطقة.
وقد أسست مجموعة من خريجي معاهد الهندسة في تونس عام 2020 الشركة الناشئة «بي كيبر تيك»، التي تقدم حلولاً لتفادي نفوق النحل وانهيار خلاياها فجأة، وقد أثبتت هذه التكنولوجيا فاعلية في تونس وفي دول أخرى.
يعتمد التصوّر العام للمشروع على جهاز يوظف أساساً الذكاء الاصطناعي، يوضع في خلية الملقحات، ويجمع عن طريق مستشعرات معلومات عن درجة الحرارة والرطوبة والوزن وكثافة الملقحات، ويرسل إثر ذلك لاسلكياً هذه الإحداثيات إلى لوحة تحكم في جهاز كومبيوتر مركزي يحلّل بدوره المعلومات. وفي حال تحديد خلل ما، يُرسِل الجهاز تنبيهاً في شكل رسالة قصيرة لصاحب المنحل يلفت انتباهه إلى ضرورة التدخل لحماية النحل.
يمسك إلياس ببعض ملكات النحل النافقة في كف يده بالقرب من خلية ويستذكر كيف تكبد في عام 2013 «خسائر كبيرة مع فقدان 26 خلية بسبب الرطوبة والتغير المفاجئ لدرجات الحرارة». لكن منذ أن بدأ في مراقبة الخلايا في عام 2017، بفضل التكنولوجيا الحديثة، باتت حالات النفوق تطال ما لا يزيد على 10 في المائة من النحل الموجود لديه.
ويبيّن المدير العام للشركة خالد بوشوشة أن الجهاز يعتمد على خوارزميات «لجمع المعلومات الصحيحة في الوقت المناسب لكي يتمكن المزارع من أخذ القرار الصائب ويتفادى تلف الخلية أو انهيارها».
ويوضح بوشوشة (34 عاماً) لـ«وكالة الصحافة الفرنسية» أن جهاز «سمارت بي» (النحلة الذكية) وسيلة لجمع «كمّ هائل من المعلومات حول مردود النحل والمخاطر التي تهدده».
وقد تمكّن إلياس، بفضل ذلك، من زيادة الإنتاجية بواقع ما بين كيلوغرامين وثلاثة كيلوغرامات من العسل لكل مملكة، بفضل حسن استغلال المعلومات الآنية المتوفرة لديه.


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Nepal Flood Reconstruction Bill to be $4.78 Bn

A man carrying his belongings walks past a damaged house in the aftermath of flash floods at Trishuli in Nepal's Nuwakot district on September 11, 2026. (Photo by Prakash MATHEMA / AFP)
A man carrying his belongings walks past a damaged house in the aftermath of flash floods at Trishuli in Nepal's Nuwakot district on September 11, 2026. (Photo by Prakash MATHEMA / AFP)
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Nepal Flood Reconstruction Bill to be $4.78 Bn

A man carrying his belongings walks past a damaged house in the aftermath of flash floods at Trishuli in Nepal's Nuwakot district on September 11, 2026. (Photo by Prakash MATHEMA / AFP)
A man carrying his belongings walks past a damaged house in the aftermath of flash floods at Trishuli in Nepal's Nuwakot district on September 11, 2026. (Photo by Prakash MATHEMA / AFP)

The reconstruction bill after deadly floods sparked by a glacial mountain collapse that hit Nepal last month would amount to $4.78 billion, the foreign ministry said on Friday.

"The total estimated requirement for reconstruction is approximately $4.78 billion," foreign ministry spokesman Lok Bahadur Chhetri told reporters.

Nepali rescuers clung to hopes of finding survivors trapped in hydropower tunnels on Wednesday.

The August 26 tsunami-like surge of water, mud and debris, which began on the China-Nepal border, has killed more than 1,410 people and left 5,651 missing.

"The rescue and search work in the tunnels at Trishuli 3A, 3B and Chilime hydropower projects is ongoing," Nepal Army spokesman Raja Ram Basnet told AFP.

In Nepal, 1,367 bodies have been recovered and 5,132 people are missing, its disaster authority said on Wednesday.

In China, 43 people are dead and 519 are missing, according to state media.

Hundreds of foreigners are among the missing, as well as hundreds of hydropower workers.


Antonelli Looks to Keep Momentum as F1 Drivers Face Unknown Challenges of Madrid Track at Spanish GP

 06 September 2026, Italy, Monza: Italian Formula One driver Andrea Kimi Antonelli of team Mercedes celebrates with the trophy on the podium after winning the Italian Grand Prix at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Italy. (dpa)
06 September 2026, Italy, Monza: Italian Formula One driver Andrea Kimi Antonelli of team Mercedes celebrates with the trophy on the podium after winning the Italian Grand Prix at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Italy. (dpa)
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Antonelli Looks to Keep Momentum as F1 Drivers Face Unknown Challenges of Madrid Track at Spanish GP

 06 September 2026, Italy, Monza: Italian Formula One driver Andrea Kimi Antonelli of team Mercedes celebrates with the trophy on the podium after winning the Italian Grand Prix at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Italy. (dpa)
06 September 2026, Italy, Monza: Italian Formula One driver Andrea Kimi Antonelli of team Mercedes celebrates with the trophy on the podium after winning the Italian Grand Prix at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Italy. (dpa)

Kimi Antonelli is coming off one of the biggest highs of his career — an epic comeback win in Monza in front of his home fans to extend his lead in Formula 1.

The young Italian will look to keep his momentum and add to his points lead this weekend as the Spanish Grand Prix returns to Madrid after more than four decades — in a race featuring the unknowns of a new hybrid circuit that drivers called “crazy” and “insane” even before cars got to the track.

Antonelli rallied from 19th on the grid to win last weekend's Italian GP in what he called an "absolutely incredible" feat.

"Definitely so far the best day of my life, and an incredible memory,” Antonelli said Thursday. "Wish (I had) a bit more time to realize and enjoy it, but now obviously we are in Madrid and we are ready to do our best and we’ll try to repeat.”

Last weekend's victory gave the 20-year-old Antonelli a 66-point lead over Mercedes teammate George Russell with 10 races remaining, including Sunday's debut of the Madring track that has put the F1 paddock on edge.

The Spanish GP ends the European part of the season. The Madrid region last hosted an F1 race in 1981 at Jarama, on the outskirts of the Spanish capital. Barcelona had been the home of the Spanish GP in recent years. The Jerez de la Frontera track in southern Spain hosted races from 1986-90, and in 1994 and 1997. Madring signed a contract with F1 through 2035.

Exciting new track

The 5.4-kilometer (3.3-mile) Madring track, the newest addition to the F1 calendar since Las Vegas' debut three years ago, combines high-speed zones, heavy-braking areas, changes of gradient, blind turns and high-load corners that should give drivers little margin for error. It mixes existing roads with purpose-built areas, and in most sections cars will run extremely close to the walls.

The heavily banked corner “La Monumental” is expected to be the highlight of the new track. It is nearly 550 meters (yards) in length and cars will spend about six second on it. There is up to 10 meters (yards) of height difference between its lower and upper sections.

“It seems a wild track to be fair. It’s mental but excited to experience it. Going to be a real challenge and I think qualifying is going to be important,” said Russell, who hasn't won since the Austrian GP in June. “The level of everyone in F1 is exceptionally high. It’s going to be a circuit where you need confidence. Very challenging, lots of high speed corners, aggressive curbs. Going to be an experience for sure. Just try and keep out of the wall and build up to it.”

‘Insane’ and ‘crazy’ layout

Alpine's Pierre Gasly said the “track itself looked insane” on the simulator. Haas' Esteban Ocon called it a “crazy circuit” with “a lot of risk-reward.” Aston Martin's veteran two-time F1 champion Fernando Alonso expected “high-adrenaline” laps.

“The track seems difficult, first of all, to learn, very technical, a lot of curb riding and a couple of high-speed sections where you need to get very close to the walls, which is very attractive and very high adrenaline for a driver,” Alonso said.

Cars from Formula 2 and Formula 3 will be the first to take to the track on Friday. F1 drivers will have two practice sessions later in the day. Another session will be on Saturday, before qualifying. The F1 race is Sunday.

There were plenty of red flags when the F3 cars first tested the track last month, and more are expected this weekend.

Ferrari says Monza squabble is in the past

Ferrari drivers Charles Leclerc and Lewis Hamilton said they talked after a near collision between the two at the team's home race in Monza last weekend, and their relationship remains strong.

Leclerc on Thursday said he took responsibility for the incident early in the race, and Hamilton praised his teammate's maturity.

Both drivers said the focus now was on helping the team get closer to Mercedes.

“Just making sure we’re executing to make sure we get the best results for the team instead of us working against each other and finishing fourth and fifth,” Hamilton said. “Maybe you can work together and get a podium and pull off more points.”

Spanish drivers face uphill battle

Organizers said tickets for the Spanish GP were sold out, with 350,000 people in total expected to attend the event over the three days of racing.

It's unlikely they will be celebrating a victory for one of the two Spanish drivers on the F1 grid, as Alonso's Aston Martin and Carlos Sainz's Williams have been well off the pace this season.

“I think it’s no secret that it’s still going to be a struggle for us,” Sainz said. “I couldn’t think about a layout that is probably more difficult for our car. But it’s OK. I’m just going to work extremely hard to make sure this is the last year that I come here to Madrid without a chance of fighting for something bigger."


France Lowers Growth Forecast, Will Miss Deficit Target

French Minister for Economy, Finance, and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty Roland Lescure gestures as he speaks during a press conference to update the governments growth and fiscal deficit forecasts for the 2027 budget, at the Bercy Economy and Finance Ministry in Paris, France, September 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stephanie Lecocq
French Minister for Economy, Finance, and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty Roland Lescure gestures as he speaks during a press conference to update the governments growth and fiscal deficit forecasts for the 2027 budget, at the Bercy Economy and Finance Ministry in Paris, France, September 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stephanie Lecocq
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France Lowers Growth Forecast, Will Miss Deficit Target

French Minister for Economy, Finance, and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty Roland Lescure gestures as he speaks during a press conference to update the governments growth and fiscal deficit forecasts for the 2027 budget, at the Bercy Economy and Finance Ministry in Paris, France, September 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stephanie Lecocq
French Minister for Economy, Finance, and Industrial, Energy and Digital Sovereignty Roland Lescure gestures as he speaks during a press conference to update the governments growth and fiscal deficit forecasts for the 2027 budget, at the Bercy Economy and Finance Ministry in Paris, France, September 11, 2026. REUTERS/Stephanie Lecocq

France's economy will grow less than expected this year and the government will miss its budget deficit target, Finance Minister Roland Lescure said on Friday.

The downgraded outlook complicates the government's task of getting its 2027 budget passed in the coming months in a deeply divided parliament, where parties have hardened their positions before an April-May two-round presidential election.

Lescure told journalists he was lowering the government's 2026 economic growth forecast to 0.5% from 0.7% previously, but stuck with a ⁠projection of 1.0% ⁠for next year.

"This year has been marked by extreme crises involving four different types of shocks," Lescure told reporters, according to Reuters.

Slower growth will make it more difficult for the government to trim its fiscal budget deficit as planned to 5.0% of economic output this year.

"The ⁠reality is that the budget was built on a 5% assumption. And the reality is that, today, 5% is no longer an option," Lescure said.

The minister did not give a new deficit target.

The economic fallout from the war in the Middle East and summer heatwaves and drought that hit agriculture output have dragged down growth and put the government's fiscal targets out of reach.

"I think it is reasonable to say that economic ⁠uncertainty has ⁠never been greater than it is today," Lescure said. "We are operating under tight budgetary constraints; there is no more fat to trim."

Further complicating the picture, French borrowing rates have surged in recent weeks as investors have identified France as one of the weaker links in a global bond selloff due to its weak public finances and serial slippage on its deficit-reduction plans.

Lescure stressed that France had no difficulties in issuing debt, but acknowledged that it now cost more.