الجمبري يواجه بسلاح «الخوذة» «موجات الصدمة» التي يحدثها بنفسه

أغطية الرأس سر تجنب الجمبري أضرار موجات الصدمة
أغطية الرأس سر تجنب الجمبري أضرار موجات الصدمة
TT

الجمبري يواجه بسلاح «الخوذة» «موجات الصدمة» التي يحدثها بنفسه

أغطية الرأس سر تجنب الجمبري أضرار موجات الصدمة
أغطية الرأس سر تجنب الجمبري أضرار موجات الصدمة

وجد فريق من الباحثين من جامعة تولسا وجامعة ساوث كارولينا بأميركا، أن السبب وراء عدم معاناة الجمبري من موجات الصدمة التي يحدثها بنفسه، هو أنه محمي بواسطة غطاء بالرأس، يشبه الخوذة يسمى غطاء المحرك المداري.
وينتج الجمبري موجات صدمة عن طريق إغلاق مخالبه بسرعة كافية لتشكيل فقاعات تطلق الطاقة على شكل أصوات أعلى من الطلق الناري، لتتسبب في صعق السمك والديدان والفرائس الأخرى، وتساءل الباحثون كثيراً عن سبب عدم تعرض الجمبري للأذى من هذه الموجات، ولمعرفة ذلك، أحضروا 60 عينة من الجمبري إلى المختبر من أجل إجراء التجارب.
وفي ورقتهم البحثية المنشورة في العدد الأخير من مجلة «كرنت بيولوجي»، تصف المجموعة البحثية التجارب التي اختبروا خلالها فرضية أن الغطاء المداري الذي يغطي رأس الجمبري يلعب دوراً وقائياً. وقام الباحثون خلال الدراسة بإزالة هذا الغطاء، ووجدوا أن إزالته لا يبدو أنها تؤثر على الجمبري أثناء الأنشطة العادية، لكن عندما أحدثوا موجات صدمة لصيد فريسة قريبة، تغير سلوكهم على الفور، وكانوا يهتزون كما لو كانوا لُسعوا من صاعقة كهربائية، وسقطوا في بعض الأحيان، وبعد ذلك، تحركوا بشكل غريب ووجدوا صعوبة في العودة إلى ملجأهم، وبدا أن العديد منهم ضاعوا تماماً.
وفي تناقض حاد، كان الجمبري الذي لا تزال لديه أغطية رأس مدارية سليم، وغير معرض لموجات الصدمة ويتصرف بشكل طبيعي. وفحص الباحثون الأغطية ووجدوا أن ضغط الماء بداخلها كان أقل من ضغط الماء بالخارج، وكانت الأغطية تحتوي أيضاً على ثقوب تسمح للماء بالخروج أثناء انفجار الموجة الصدمية، مما يوجه الطاقة بعيداً عن الدماغ والعينين، مما يشير إلى أن هذه الهياكل الشبيهة بالخوذة تخمد موجات الصدمة، مما يجعلها أول نظام درع بيولوجي معروف في الكائنات البحرية.


مقالات ذات صلة

لماذا لم توجد ديناصورات صغيرة؟ دراسة جديدة تجيب

يوميات الشرق ظهرت الديناصورات لأول مرة قبل نحو 230 مليون عام ثم أصبحت لاحقاً الحيوانات البرية المهيمنة على الكوكب وظلت كذلك حتى ارتطم كويكب بالأرض قبل 66 مليون سنة متسبباً في انقراض جماعي (رويترز)

لماذا لم توجد ديناصورات صغيرة؟ دراسة جديدة تجيب

قالت دراسة إن الثدييات الصغيرة ربما منعت ظهور ديناصورات بحجم الفأر، بسبب المنافسة على الغذاء، والبيئة.

«الشرق الأوسط» (واشنطن)
يوميات الشرق كلّ هذه السنوات مرَّت... ولا يزال يتصرَّف كأنّ المكان له (إ.ب.أ)

لاري يتحدَّى الشيخوخة... مخالب لا تعرف التقاعد

يُكمل «كبير صائدي الفئران في مكتب الوزراء» عامه الـ20، ليكون تجسيداً حيّاً لمقولة «العقل والجسم يزهران بالاستعمال ويصدآن بالإهمال».

«الشرق الأوسط» (لندن)
يوميات الشرق أتاح نفوق القرش فرصة نادرة للعلماء لدراسة نوع لا تزال معلومات كثيرة عنه مجهولة (بكسلز)

قرش غرينلاند يعيش قروناً... ماذا اكتشف العلماء عن أسرار مقاومته الشيخوخة؟

يُعد قرش غرينلاند واحداً من أكثر الكائنات البحرية غموضاً؛ ليس فقط بسبب قدرته على العيش في أعماق المحيطات القطبية، بل أيضاً لعمره الاستثنائي الذي قد يمتد لقرون.

«الشرق الأوسط» (نيويورك)
يوميات الشرق كلب يتلقى رعاية طبية بعيادة بيطرية في بوليفيا (إ.ب.أ)

الوجه الآخر لتربية الحيوانات الأليفة... ضغوط نفسية لا يتحدث عنها كثيرون

غالباً ما يُنظر إلى تربية الحيوانات الأليفة على أنها تجربة تمنح أصحابها السعادة والرفقة والدعم النفسي وقد أثبتت دراسات كثيرة فوائدها في التخفيف من التوتر

«الشرق الأوسط» (واشنطن)
يوميات الشرق لا يُقاس الافتراس بالحجم (متحف أستراليا)

باحثون يكتشفون أحد «ألطف وأشرس» الثدييات في العالم

اكتشف باحثون في أستراليا نوعاً جديداً من الجرابيات ينتمي إلى ما يصفه العلماء بأنه «ألطف وأشرس» مجموعة من الثدييات في العالم.

«الشرق الأوسط» (لندن)

Iraq PM Aiming for Legislation that Limits Possession of Weapons to the State

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi. (AFP)
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi. (AFP)
TT

Iraq PM Aiming for Legislation that Limits Possession of Weapons to the State

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi. (AFP)
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi. (AFP)

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi stressed that October 1 will be a new chapter for the state after the withdrawal of all foreign military forces from the country.

By then, it would have achieved national sovereingty over its territories as it continues to build its military and security capabilities to allow it to protect its security and stability by itself, he added.

September 30 is the deadline for both the withdrawal of the US-led anti-ISIS coalition forces from Iraq and pro-Iran armed factions to lay down their weapons.

The PM made his remarks during a meeting with Commander of the US Central Command Brad Cooper in Baghdad.

Al-Zaidi underscored the deadline for the troop withdrawal, adding that imposing state monopoly over weapons “according to the law, protects everyone and bolsters the authority and sovereignty of the state.”

“It is a condition for Iraq to move to a new phase of development,” he stressed.

The PM said he was aiming for a draft-law on limiting the possession of weapons to the state.

Sources said that this may lead to a potential confrontation with the armed factions that refuse to lay down their weapons.

Meeting with members of the parliamentary security and defense committee, al-Zaidi said that the “greatest threat to the state” was the possession of weapons outside state control because it undermines the rule of law and state institutions.

He called for preparing the draft-law, stressing the need to “bolster the standing of the state and its sovereignty and institutions.”

Legal expert Ali al-Tamimi told Asharq Al-Awsat that the Iraqi constitution stipulates that military and security forces should be under the command of civilian authority. It bars the formation of militias outside state frameworks.

He noted that the law that established the Popular Mobilization Forces in 2016 says that they are a state formation, but it demands that its members quit any parties they are members of.

The greatest challenge with the state imposing state monopoly over arms is “defining the concept of weapons.” He explained that the armed factions believe their weapons are part of a “resistance” and in line with the PMF law.

The state, on the other hand, views these weapons as outside its authority and they need to come under its control, he added.


Trump 'Low-key' Bets on Economic Pressure against Iran

President Donald Trump walks from Marine One to board Air Force One at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport in Cleveland, Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2026. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein)
President Donald Trump walks from Marine One to board Air Force One at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport in Cleveland, Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2026. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein)
TT

Trump 'Low-key' Bets on Economic Pressure against Iran

President Donald Trump walks from Marine One to board Air Force One at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport in Cleveland, Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2026. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein)
President Donald Trump walks from Marine One to board Air Force One at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport in Cleveland, Tuesday, Aug. 11, 2026. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein)

Keeping a low profile doesn't come naturally to Donald Trump.

Yet that is the strategy the American president says he now favors in the war against Iran, and he is betting on economic pressure over diplomacy or new strikes.

"We are low-keying it," Trump told news site Axios by phone Sunday.

"We're only semi-negotiating with them. We are just watching Iran with its huge inflation and the fact they have no money."

The billionaire has since repeated that he is keeping the option of striking Tehran on the table, but prefers to stress the economic damage inflicted on the country through economic sanctions.

"Iran is broke, totally broke and they're not paying their soldiers," Trump said Monday in the Oval Office.

He has repeatedly claimed, most recently in a Truth Social post on Wednesday, that the country is experiencing inflation of over 300 percent.

He also claimed there is no urgency to act because the United States has "total control" of the Strait of Hormuz, a crucial waterway for the oil trade that has become the geopolitical flashpoint of the conflict.

- 'Terrible shape' -

In reality, Tehran is locking down the strategic passage while Washington is imposing its own blockade on Iranian ports.

"Iran is in terrible shape economically. It can't ship oil at any meaningful level. And it still labors under sanctions and still can't access its overseas assets," said Michael O'Hanlon, an expert from the Brookings Institution think tank.

"The question is, do its leaders really care? I think they care some, but not a lot."

The American president has, for the moment, muted both his threats of apocalyptic strikes and promises of imminent diplomatic breakthroughs -- messages that have been in constant rotation since he launched the war with Israel more than five months ago.

At the end of July, Washington announced new measures targeting Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), the ideological arm of the Iranian military.

The Wall Street Journal reports that Trump's advisors have shown him data on the impact of American sanctions, which he is now reportedly considering tightening while he also mulls imposing new strictures.

That could be a tactical shift for an American president who, until recently, was threatening to unleash the most devastating strikes since World War II against Iran.

- Chess match -

The shift may also indicate the limited military options left available to the United States, where the press has reported that American munitions stockpiles have been heavily depleted.

Iran's foreign ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei called the fresh push for sanctions a "retreat," noting the country has withstood US sanctions for decades.

"Whenever Washington proves itself incapable of pursuing diplomacy it retreats into sanctions; and whenever those sanctions fail to produce results, it simply increases the dose," Baqaei said in an X post this week.

"The real risk is that American politicians, clinging to this habit, will instead strangle their own remaining chances of a less humiliating exit from a crisis of their own making."

What remains to be seen is whether notoriously impatient Trump, who prefers the spectacle of combat sports like MMA and flashy "deals," will be able to stay true to the long-term strategy of economic pressure.

In his interview with Axios, Trump compared the conflict with Iran to a game of chess.

"Iranians have shown they are professional chess players," Baqaei told reporters in response to the comment.


Zelenskiy, kış aylarını atlatabilmek için Washington'dan Patriot füze stoklarının %5'ini istedi

Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy, (DPA)
Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy, (DPA)
TT

Zelenskiy, kış aylarını atlatabilmek için Washington'dan Patriot füze stoklarının %5'ini istedi

Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy, (DPA)
Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy, (DPA)

Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy, ülkesinin kışı atlatabilmek için ABD’nin Patriot önleme füzesi stokunun yüzde 5’ine, Rusya’nın tüm balistik füzelerini etkisiz hâle getirebilmek için ise yüzde 10’una ihtiyaç duyduğunu söyledi.

Son haftalarda Rusya, Kiev’e neredeyse haftada bir yoğun füze saldırıları düzenledi. Saldırılarda siviller hayatını kaybederken, evler ve altyapı da zarar gördü. Saldırılardan birinde Ukrayna, Rusya tarafından fırlatılan 28 füzenin hiçbirini önleyemedi.

Zelenskiy, bugün yayımlanan CNN röportajında, Ukrayna’nın bu yıl için elindeki önleme füzesi stokunun 2025’in aynı dönemine kıyasla 2,5 kat azaldığını söyledi. “Rusya her ay eskisinden iki kat daha fazla balistik füzeye sahip oluyor” diyen Zelenskiy, “Amerikalı ortaklarımızdan stoklarında bulunan füzelerin yüzde 5’ini bize satmalarını” istedi.

Zelenskiy, “Bize yüzde 5’ini satarlarsa kışı atlatabilir ve insanların hayatını kurtarabiliriz. Yüzde 10’unu satabilirlerse Rusya’nın bütün balistik füzelerini imha edebiliriz” ifadelerini kullandı. Ukrayna, şubat ayında başlayan ABD-İsrail-İran savaşının ardından Patriot füzelerinde ciddi sıkıntı yaşadığını belirtiyor.

Yüksek hızları ve dik uçuş rotaları nedeniyle balistik füzelerin önlenmesi çok daha zor. Bu füzeler yalnızca başta ABD yapımı Patriot sistemleri olmak üzere gelişmiş hava savunma sistemleriyle durdurulabiliyor.

Washington’un taleplerine yaklaşımının ne olduğu sorusuna Zelenskiy, “Şu ana kadarki cevap ‘daha sonra’. Yüzde 1 aldım” cevabını verdi.

Öte yandan Ukrayna Hava Kuvvetleri, artan hava saldırılarını önlemede yaşanan güçlükler nedeniyle dün, Rusya’nın balistik füze saldırılarına ilişkin ayrıntılı verileri yayımlamayı durduracağını açıkladı.

Şarku’l Avsat’ın Ukrayna verilerinden aktardığına göre Rusya, temmuz ayında ülkeye çeşitli türlerde 450’den fazla füze fırlattı. Bunların yaklaşık 200’ü balistik füze rotasında ilerledi.